CHEN Yu Chu

Trading company of gardening, Zhejiang Zhong zhu, Hangzhou, china

 

With development of people recognition about service function of wetland ecology, and more  increase of engineering about wetland protection、built the manning wetland、 returned of farmland to lake、returned of fields on a hill to lake, even returned of village to lake. These items built use a most of aquatic plants, there are many problems were discovered in whole construction, because the  people don"t know clearly of the wetland evolution、ecology characteristic and don"t know clearly biological custom、ecology characteristic of aquatic plants. This text discusses the problems at present, just put forward proposals and strategies in planting design of the wetland aquatic plants. The writer thinks existing major problems:1、The confusion Produces by the same plant have the different name、the different plant have the same name、think the typeface meaning just the righteousness，even fabricate without basis etc; 2、Because don"t understand living creature type and adaptability in the depth of the water for the plants , A great deal of aquatic plants death;3、In planting design, so much express of plants specification ,and many of them are disobey with biology characteristic, so the plants are hard for purchase or the result is very bad after plant; 4、Plant density more than 100 times or less than several decuples of normal. These problems lead to the wetland landscape not good enough 、reducing service function of wetland ecology, even producing water quality are bad than before wetland synthetic engineering are constructed, these are mostly wasted for money and resources, ecology balance are destroyed.

 

 

 

Key word: wetland;   aquatic plants;   planting design;   problem;   countermeasure

 

 

 

 

浙江中竹园艺贸易有限公司

 

这几年随着人们对湿地生态服务功能的认识不断深化，湿地保护、人工湿地的营建、退田还湖、退地还湖，甚至退村还湖工程随之大量增加。这些项目的建设需要用到大量的水生植物，但由于人们对湿地的演替、生态特点和对水生植物的生物习性、生态特点缺乏了解，在整个建设过程中出现了一系列的问题。本文讨论了目前湿地水生植物设计中存在的问题,并提出相应的建议和对策。作者认为存在的主要问题有：1、植物名称同物异名、同名异物、望文成义，甚至凭空捏造等等产生的混乱；2、植物生物型和水深适应性不了解造成的种植水深不符植物习性，从而使大量水生植物死亡；3、种植设计中，苗木规格的表述不妥，许多表述与植物的生物学特性相违背，造成苗木难以采购或种植后效果极差；4、种植密度严重偏大或偏小，偏大的大于正常的100多倍，小的则少几十倍。这些问题导致湿地景观欠佳、湿地生态服务功能下降，甚至有些湿地综合保护工程施工后的水质比工程实施前更差的现象屡屡出现，极大的浪费了资金和资源，建设性地破坏了生态平衡。

 

 

 

关键词：湿地   水生植物   种植设计   问题   对策